Kendo martial arts coaching unveils a fascinating journey, mixing rigorous bodily self-discipline with profound psychological focus. This path is extra than simply studying methods; it is about embracing a philosophy of respect, self-discipline, and unwavering dedication. From the historic roots of this historical artwork to the modern-day software of its rules, this exploration guarantees a complete understanding of the Kendo approach.
This detailed information delves into the core rules, coaching strategies, and gear important for mastering Kendo. It covers all the things from basic methods to superior methods, providing a structured studying path for learners and a roadmap for knowledgeable practitioners looking for to raise their abilities. Understanding the bodily and psychological calls for, the importance of etiquette, and the significance of security are central themes on this in-depth evaluation.
Whether or not your aim is self-defense, competitors, or private development, this information will equip you with the information to embark on this rewarding journey.
Introduction to Kendo Martial Arts Coaching
Kendo, a fascinating Japanese martial artwork, is extra than simply swordplay; it is a profound journey of self-discovery and self-discipline. It blends rigorous bodily coaching with a deep appreciation for custom and moral rules. This journey emphasizes respect, honor, and the pursuit of excellence, not simply within the methods however within the very character of the practitioner.The artwork, steeped in historical past, embodies a wealthy cultural heritage and continues to encourage practitioners worldwide.
It calls for unwavering focus, meticulous method, and a dedication to private development, fostering self-control and resilience. It is a path much less traveled, but one brimming with alternatives for private improvement.
Core Rules and Philosophies of Kendo
Kendo’s philosophy is deeply rooted within the rules of Bushido, the “approach of the warrior.” These rules information the practitioner past the bodily elements of the artwork, fostering character improvement and a robust ethical compass. Honesty, braveness, compassion, and respect for others usually are not merely beliefs however important parts within the observe. The pursuit of excellence is central, demanding steady enchancment and a willingness to embrace challenges.
Historic Context and Evolution of Kendo
Kendo’s evolution is a captivating narrative. It traces its lineage again to the samurai custom of Japan, adapting and evolving over centuries. Early types of swordsmanship, honed by generations of warriors, progressively reworked into the structured and refined Kendo practiced immediately. The emphasis on security and managed fight methods advanced via centuries of refinement and adaptation, sustaining its essence whereas adapting to altering occasions.
Key Variations Between Kendo and Different Martial Arts
Whereas many martial arts share widespread targets of self-defense and self-discipline, Kendo distinguishes itself via its distinctive emphasis on spirit, technique, and moral conduct. Its deal with exact methods and managed fight distinguishes it from extra free-flowing or full-contact types. The usage of a shinai (bamboo sword) introduces a crucial factor of managed pressure and strategic engagement, setting it aside from different types.
Kendo Strategies
Understanding the varied methods is essential for any aspiring Kendo practitioner. This information helps in successfully making use of the rules and reaching the specified outcomes.
Method Identify | Description | Anticipated Final result | Frequent Errors to Keep away from |
---|---|---|---|
Males (Strike) | A forceful strike with the shinai, focusing on the opponent’s very important factors. | Efficient supply of pressure, inflicting a robust influence. | Improper stance, inaccurate aiming, lack of follow-through. |
Tsuki (Thrust) | A managed thrust with the shinai, geared toward a selected goal. | Efficient penetration, inflicting a decisive strike. | Lack of energy within the thrust, improper posture. |
Kote (Wrist strike) | A defensive method used to deflect or counter an assault with the wrist and arm. | Efficient parry, and sustaining stability through the counter. | Lack of method to manage the shinai, poor stability. |
Kaeshi (Return Strike) | A swift counterattack instantly following a parry or protection. | Fast and decisive response, exploiting the opponent’s vulnerability. | Hesitation, sluggish response time, lack of precision. |
Coaching Strategies and Practices
Embarking on the Kendo journey is not only about buying bodily prowess; it is about cultivating a profound respect for the artwork and its intricate philosophy. This journey calls for dedication, precision, and a eager understanding of the varied coaching strategies employed.Mastering Kendo entails a holistic strategy, mixing rigorous bodily coaching with the event of psychological self-discipline and moral conduct. The coaching strategies are meticulously designed to domesticate each the physique and thoughts, making a harmonious stability essential for efficient efficiency.
Kihon: The Basis of Kendo
Kihon, the elemental methods, are the cornerstone of Kendo. They kind the bedrock upon which all different methods are constructed. These methods usually are not merely workout routines; they’re the constructing blocks of efficient and protected fight. Studying the proper kind and execution of every kihon motion ensures that actions are environment friendly and exact. The precision and timing are essential for producing the required energy and accuracy.
Kumite: The Artwork of Sparring
Kumite, or sparring, is the crucible through which Kendo practitioners refine their abilities. It is the dynamic enviornment the place the realized methods are examined, honed, and refined. Kumite is greater than only a contest; it is a very important coaching stage for creating tactical consciousness, response time, and flexibility. The emphasis in kumite is on security, respect, and strategic software.
Appropriate footwork, timing, and technique are paramount to success in kumite.
Iaido: The Artwork of the Drawn Sword
Iaido, the artwork of drawing and sheathing the sword, is a crucial facet of Kendo. It emphasizes velocity, precision, and style. Practitioners study to attract the sword with unparalleled effectivity, whereas sustaining focus and composure. The coaching entails meticulous actions that mix fluidity and precision, fostering each velocity and accuracy. Iaido is an important facet for creating psychological self-discipline and responsiveness.
Etiquette and Respect in Kendo
Respect and etiquette are integral to the Kendo expertise. They aren’t mere formalities however basic rules that underpin all the observe. A respectful surroundings fosters a way of unity and shared objective, creating an environment the place everybody can study and develop. Adhering to those rules is paramount for sustaining the integrity and spirit of Kendo.
Coaching Setting and Efficiency
The coaching surroundings considerably impacts efficiency. A well-structured and respectful dojo fosters a targeted environment conducive to studying. A clear and arranged dojo promotes a way of order and professionalism, essential for environment friendly coaching. The bodily surroundings performs an important position in creating an area for targeted observe and studying.
Abstract of Coaching Strategies
Coaching Methodology | Key Components | Advantages | Sensible Software |
---|---|---|---|
Kihon | Appropriate kind, precision, timing, energy technology | Basis for all methods, enhanced effectivity, accuracy | Foundation for all superior methods, important for protected and efficient fight |
Kumite | Tactical consciousness, response time, adaptability, security | Refinement of abilities, strategic pondering, improved bodily conditioning | Growth of fight technique, software of methods in dynamic eventualities |
Iaido | Velocity, precision, grace, psychological self-discipline | Enhanced responsiveness, psychological focus, bodily management | Software of drawn sword methods, essential for self-defense and fight |
Bodily and Psychological Coaching
Kendo is greater than only a sport; it is a journey of self-discovery via bodily and psychological fortitude. The rigorous coaching calls for a singular mix of energy, endurance, and unwavering focus, shaping not simply the physique however the thoughts as effectively. This part dives deep into the particular bodily and psychological calls for of Kendo, highlighting its distinct traits in comparison with different sports activities.
Bodily Calls for of Kendo
Kendo requires a stunning vary of bodily attributes. It is not nearly brute energy, however about explosive energy, sustained endurance, and memorable flexibility. Practitioners want to have the ability to ship forceful strikes with precision, whereas concurrently sustaining stability and agility. This requires fixed conditioning and a devoted strategy to bodily health.
Energy, Endurance, and Flexibility
Kendo calls for a various vary of bodily attributes. Energy is essential for producing the ability behind strikes, whereas endurance is important for sustaining focus and stamina all through intense coaching periods and matches. Flexibility is significant for maximizing vary of movement and stopping accidents. With out these parts, the practitioner will discover themselves considerably hampered of their capability to carry out successfully.
Think about making an attempt to swing a heavy sword with out energy, or to resist a collection of assaults with out stamina. Each are important for fulfillment.
Psychological Self-discipline and Focus
The psychological self-discipline required in Kendo is simply as demanding because the bodily facet. Sustaining unwavering focus, focus, and composure below strain is paramount. Practitioners study to anticipate opponents’ strikes, react swiftly, and preserve their composure even in difficult conditions. This psychological fortitude is as crucial because the bodily prowess.
Comparability with Different Sports activities
Whereas many sports activities emphasize bodily prowess, Kendo’s distinctive mix of bodily and psychological calls for units it aside. Contemplate the variations between a boxer’s explosive energy and a Kendo practitioner’s managed, calculated strikes. A runner’s endurance is concentrated on long-distance exertion, whereas a Kendo practitioner wants sustained power for quick, intense exchanges.
Coaching Workouts and Functions
Bodily Talent | Coaching Train | Significance in Kendo | Instance Software |
---|---|---|---|
Energy | Heavy Bag Coaching | Develops energy for strikes and defensive methods. | Producing energy behind a robust males (thrust) strike. |
Endurance | Shinai drills (repetitions of assaults and defenses) | Maintains stamina all through a match. | Withstanding extended exchanges with out dropping focus or energy. |
Flexibility | Stretching routines | Improves vary of movement and prevents accidents. | Reaching full vary of movement for tsuki (thrust) strikes. |
Agility | Footwork drills | Enhances responsiveness and fast reactions. | Rapidly altering place and stance throughout a match. |
Focus | Meditation and visualization | Improves focus and composure. | Sustaining focus throughout intense exchanges, and reacting to an opponent’s sudden actions. |
Tools and Gear for Coaching

Getting into the world of Kendo calls for respect for the instruments of the craft. Past the spirit and method, the gear itself performs an important position in guaranteeing security and fostering the artwork. Understanding the operate, security protocols, and upkeep of every piece is paramount.The right gear is not only a instrument; it is an extension of the practitioner, an embodiment of the spirit and self-discipline inherent in Kendo.
Each bit contributes to the holistic expertise, selling each bodily prowess and psychological fortitude.
Important Kendo Tools
The core elements of Kendo gear are designed to guard and improve the expertise. Every merchandise serves a selected objective, contributing to a balanced and protected coaching surroundings.
- Shinai: The picket observe sword. Its light-weight design permits for a variety of observe actions, enabling a protected but rigorous coaching surroundings. The shinai is essential for honing method and creating a way of timing and distance. Its versatile construction permits for a protected trade of strikes with out the chance of great harm, whereas nonetheless demanding precision and ability from the practitioner.
- Bogu: The protecting swimsuit, important for security. The bogu consists of a number of components, every designed to guard totally different areas of the physique. The helmet (males), physique protector (dou), and leg protectors (suneate) are essential for influence absorption and decreasing the chance of harm.
- Face Masks (Males): The lads, an important piece of protecting gear, protects the face and head, mitigating the chance of cuts or abrasions throughout coaching. The lads’s sturdy building is significant for the security and well-being of the practitioner.
- Gloves (Kote): These protecting coverings defend the arms, stopping accidents through the forceful strikes. The kote are designed to cushion and defend the arms and wrists throughout coaching.
- Leg Guards (Suneate): Designed to guard the shins and decrease legs from influence, suneate are very important for safeguarding these susceptible areas. The flexibleness and sturdiness of the suneate contribute to protected observe.
- Physique Protector (Dou): The dou, an important part of the bogu, is designed to defend the torso from influence. Its design and materials properties guarantee a stability between safety and maneuverability.
Security Precautions and Procedures
Practitioners should adhere to strict security protocols for optimum coaching.
- Correct Kind and Method: Constant adherence to correct Kendo kind and method is important for mitigating threat. This ensures that strikes are delivered with the proper posture and alignment, decreasing the probability of harm. The practitioner ought to preserve a conscious strategy to method.
- Tools Inspection: Common inspection of the gear, particularly the shinai, is significant for figuring out any harm or put on that might compromise security. The practitioner ought to be sure that the gear is in good working order earlier than every session.
- Correct Dealing with and Storage: Correct dealing with and storage of the gear are very important to forestall harm and guarantee long-term performance. Cautious dealing with of the shinai and different gear, together with storage procedures, are essential to keep up their effectiveness.
Tools Upkeep
Correct upkeep extends the lifetime of the gear and ensures optimum security.
- Cleansing and Drying: Frequently cleansing and drying the bogu, notably after use, prevents the expansion of mould and mildew. The right upkeep of kit is essential for the longevity of the gear and the well-being of the practitioner.
- Common Inspection: Common inspection for any harm or put on, particularly on the shinai, is important. The practitioner ought to verify the gear repeatedly to determine and rectify any points.
- Storage: Storing gear in a dry, cool surroundings will assist to forestall harm and preserve its situation. Correct storage ensures the longevity of the gear.
Tools Desk
Tools Identify | Description | Goal in Coaching | Upkeep Ideas |
---|---|---|---|
Shinai | Wood observe sword | Secure observe of strikes and methods | Common inspection for cracks, moisture harm; retailer in a cool, dry place |
Bogu | Protecting swimsuit | Safety from influence throughout coaching | Clear and dry totally after use; retailer correctly to forestall harm |
Males | Face masks | Safety from head accidents | Examine for harm; retailer correctly to forestall harm |
Kote | Gloves | Safety for arms and wrists | Examine for put on; retailer correctly |
Suneate | Leg guards | Safety for shins and decrease legs | Clear and dry totally; examine for harm |
Dou | Physique protector | Safety for torso | Clear and dry totally; retailer correctly |
Kendo Coaching for Learners
Embarking on the trail of Kendo is like stepping onto a journey of self-discovery, the place self-discipline, respect, and unwavering focus intertwine. This journey begins with the very first steps, and a stable basis laid within the early levels is essential for future development and mastery. Understanding the preliminary levels, the challenges, and the structured studying path will set you heading in the right direction.Learners usually face a mess of challenges.
From mastering the correct stance and grip to coordinating actions and understanding the etiquette, the preliminary hurdles can really feel daunting. Nonetheless, with dedication, perseverance, and a supportive studying surroundings, these obstacles will be overcome. The secret’s to embrace the method, have a good time small victories, and by no means lose sight of the intrinsic rewards of this noble artwork.
Preliminary Steps and Phases
The journey into Kendo begins with the elemental rules. Learners sometimes start with primary stances, grip methods, and the correct strategy to maintain the shinai (bamboo sword). Studying to carry out these methods accurately is paramount to stopping accidents and constructing a robust basis for future development. This preliminary stage focuses on creating a eager sense of stability, physique consciousness, and rhythmic motion.
Key Challenges for Learners
A number of hurdles incessantly come up for learners. Sustaining correct posture and stability whereas executing methods is commonly difficult. Studying the intricate actions and coordination required will be demanding, particularly at first. Moreover, understanding and adhering to Kendo etiquette and respect for the teacher and fellow practitioners is important and may initially appear daunting.
Significance of a Structured Studying Path
A structured studying path, with a gradual development of methods, is significant. This systematic strategy permits learners to develop abilities progressively, minimizing the chance of accidents and maximizing understanding. Every stage builds upon the earlier one, guaranteeing a seamless transition into extra superior methods and methods.
Important Workouts for Learners
A structured program of observe will help you in your Kendo journey. Listed here are key workout routines that emphasize correct kind and method:
- Primary Stances (Kihon no Shisei): Working towards varied stances, just like the men-u-dachi and shihonage-dachi, is essential. These stances construct a robust basis for stability, stability, and posture. Constant observe is essential to mastering the stances.
- Grip Strategies (Kihon no Tsukami): Understanding and training the proper grip on the shinai is important. Improper grip can result in discomfort and harm, so guaranteeing correct method from the outset is essential. Correct grip is important to executing methods with energy and precision.
- Primary Assaults and Defenses (Kihon no Wazas): Working towards basic assaults, just like the men-uchi and the tsugi-ashi, and defenses is essential. These methods present the constructing blocks for extra superior maneuvers. These drills are crucial for understanding the rules of assault and protection.
- Footwork Drills (Kihon no Ashi): Growing exact footwork is paramount. Footwork is a key part of Kendo. It permits for efficient motion and positions. Working towards footwork drills will make it easier to to maneuver across the dojo with effectivity and management.
- Sparring (Iai): Managed sparring (with applicable protecting gear) means that you can observe methods in a dynamic setting. Gradual publicity to sparring will make it easier to apply what you’ve got realized in a dwell surroundings. This can support in creating your reflexes and decision-making abilities.
These workout routines kind the bedrock of your Kendo journey. Keep in mind, consistency and endurance are key. Every train builds upon the earlier one, and the journey of studying Kendo is an ongoing course of.
Kendo Coaching for Superior Practitioners

Embarking on the trail of superior Kendo just isn’t merely about honing methods; it is about understanding the philosophy, embracing the challenges, and refining your reference to the artwork. This journey calls for a deeper understanding, a willingness to push past consolation zones, and a dedication to steady enchancment. It is about mastering the subtleties, not simply the mechanics.Superior Kendo coaching transcends the fundamentals, specializing in the nuanced purposes of methods inside a dynamic context.
This evolution requires a proactive strategy, recognizing that true mastery lies in understanding the underlying rules reasonably than merely executing memorized types. This stage of improvement is marked by a shift from rote observe to considerate software.
Superior Coaching Strategies
The core of superior Kendo coaching entails a multifaceted strategy that goes past the repetitive drills of learners. It emphasizes the event of instinct, strategic pondering, and flexibility. Superior practitioners interact in sparring periods with extra skilled counterparts, not only for observe, however to research and react to sudden conditions.
Growth of Superior Strategies and Methods
Superior methods aren’t simply variations on current types; they symbolize a deeper understanding of the rules governing Kendo. This consists of incorporating methods for anticipating an opponent’s actions, understanding physique mechanics, and creating particular person fight types. Practitioners start to refine their assaults and defenses, tailoring them to particular opponents and eventualities. Growing a singular, adaptable model is essential at this stage.
Significance of Self-Evaluation and Steady Enchancment
Self-assessment is paramount for superior practitioners. Frequently evaluating one’s efficiency, figuring out weaknesses, and actively looking for suggestions from mentors or skilled friends are important for steady enchancment. This means of crucial self-evaluation is significant for figuring out areas needing enchancment and tailoring coaching accordingly. Journaling, video evaluation, and constructive criticism are invaluable instruments.
Position of Mentors and Others in Superior Coaching, Kendo martial arts coaching
Skilled mentors play an important position in guiding superior practitioners. They provide precious insights, problem assumptions, and supply constructive suggestions to assist refine method and technique. Collaboration with fellow practitioners can be very important. Studying from totally different views, observing numerous approaches, and sharing experiences create a wealthy studying surroundings. Looking for out mentors, coaching companions, and coaches who perceive your wants and targets is important.
The Kendo group affords a wealth of data and assist for these dedicated to progressing.
Kendo Coaching for Particular Objectives
Unleashing the complete potential of Kendo usually hinges on tailoring your observe to your particular person aspirations. Whether or not your coronary heart beats for self-defense, the fun of competitors, or the profound journey of private improvement, Kendo will be sculpted to align together with your distinctive goals. This part explores the adaptable nature of Kendo coaching, revealing how you can fine-tune your observe for reaching particular targets.Understanding your motivations and desired outcomes is paramount.
Figuring out in case your major intention is to boost self-confidence, hone your combating abilities, or excel in competitors will information the particular elements of Kendo you could emphasize. A customized strategy is essential for maximizing your Kendo journey.
Self-Protection Centered Coaching
This strategy prioritizes sensible software and situational consciousness. Growing a robust basis in primary methods is important, together with drills emphasizing velocity, precision, and instinctive reactions.
- Emphasis is positioned on fast, efficient strikes and parries, with a deal with situational consciousness and response.
- Coaching usually entails simulated eventualities and sparring with managed depth to hone reflexes and judgment.
- Bodily conditioning workout routines are crucial for creating endurance and stamina, very important for extended self-defense encounters.
Aggressive Kendo Coaching
Competitors-oriented coaching calls for rigorous observe and meticulous method refinement. Constructing energy and stamina is essential, coupled with a deep understanding of technique and techniques.
- Follow entails in depth repetition of methods, mixed with rigorous bodily conditioning.
- Technique and techniques evaluation are built-in into coaching, together with detailed research of opponent tendencies.
- Psychological fortitude is a crucial part, emphasizing focus, composure, and decision-making below strain.
Private Growth By way of Kendo
Past bodily prowess, Kendo fosters psychological self-discipline, respect, and self-control. Coaching on this space focuses on private development and character improvement.
- Deal with the moral and ethical elements of the martial artwork, together with self-discipline, respect, and honor.
- Meditation and mindfulness practices are included to domesticate psychological readability and emotional resilience.
- Emphasis is positioned on studying from each successes and setbacks, fostering resilience and development mindset.
Coaching Adaptation Desk
Objective | Coaching Focus | Key Strategies | Examples of Actions |
---|---|---|---|
Self-Protection | Sensible Software, Velocity, Reflexes | Strikes, Blocks, Parries, Situational Consciousness | Simulated Situations, Sparring, Drills |
Competitors | Method Refinement, Technique, Stamina | Efficient Strikes, Footwork, Techniques, Psychological Fortitude | Repetition of Strategies, Sparring, Technique Evaluation, Psychological Conditioning |
Private Growth | Self-discipline, Respect, Self-Management, Psychological Fortitude | Respectful Conduct, Mindfulness, Moral Rules, Resilience | Meditation, Etiquette Follow, Reflective Discussions, Self-Evaluation |
Security and Harm Prevention in Kendo Coaching
Kendo, a demanding martial artwork, requires a dedication to security. Correct method and conscious observe are essential to stopping accidents and guaranteeing a optimistic coaching expertise for everybody concerned. This part will delve into the important security measures, widespread accidents, and the significance of protecting gear in Kendo.
Security Measures Throughout Kendo Coaching
Secure Kendo coaching hinges on adherence to established guidelines and protocols. These measures are very important for minimizing the chance of harm to practitioners. Correct warm-up routines, constant adherence to method requirements, and accountable use of kit are paramount. Figuring out the bounds of your personal capabilities and people of your coaching companions is equally essential.
- All the time make sure the coaching space is evident of obstructions.
- Adhere to the designated coaching space boundaries.
- Keep applicable distances between practitioners throughout drills and observe.
- Be conscious of your environment and people round you.
- By no means interact in observe with any form of distraction or recklessness.
- By no means observe with out correct instruction or supervision.
Frequent Kendo Accidents and Their Prevention
Figuring out the potential accidents and implementing preventative measures is important. Practitioners ought to pay attention to the widespread pitfalls and work diligently to keep away from them.
- Wrist Accidents: These incessantly consequence from improper grip methods. Correct grip coaching and targeted consideration to kind can enormously scale back the chance. Strengthening wrist muscle tissues via focused workout routines can be useful.
- Shoulder Accidents: Repetitive motions and forceful strikes can pressure shoulder muscle tissues. Constant warm-up routines, specializing in shoulder mobility, and applicable relaxation intervals are key to avoiding these accidents. Correct posture throughout observe and avoiding overexertion are very important.
- Head Accidents: Protecting gear, just like the masks, is paramount. Sustaining correct method throughout strikes and sustaining focus is essential. All the time prioritize the security of your self and your coaching companions.
- Again Accidents: Incorrect posture and repetitive motions can result in again ache. Practitioners ought to deal with sustaining correct posture all through the coaching session and use applicable assist methods. Correcting posture throughout observe will stop accidents.
- Cuts and Abrasions: These are widespread in Kendo. The usage of applicable protecting gear is important. Sharp edges of kit have to be fastidiously maintained and monitored. Correct upkeep of kit and correct methods can scale back the chance of cuts.
Significance of Protecting Gear and Correct Method
Protecting gear acts as a barrier in opposition to potential accidents. Correct method is equally essential. Working towards protected methods constantly reduces the chance of harm.
- Protecting Gear: The masks, the physique protector, and the shin guards are important for stopping severe accidents. Common checks and upkeep of kit are important.
- Correct Method: Studying and training appropriate methods is essential. Deal with correct posture, grip, and physique mechanics to scale back the chance of harm. Practitioners ought to at all times prioritize appropriate methods to reduce harm.
Harm Prevention Desk
This desk summarizes the widespread accidents, prevention methods, signs, and quick first support measures.
Harm Kind | Prevention Methods | Signs | Rapid First Support Measures |
---|---|---|---|
Wrist Accidents | Appropriate grip method, wrist strengthening workout routines, enough warm-up | Ache, swelling, restricted vary of movement within the wrist | Relaxation, ice software, compression bandage, elevation |
Shoulder Accidents | Thorough warm-up, correct posture, avoiding overexertion | Ache, stiffness, restricted vary of movement within the shoulder | Relaxation, ice software, mild range-of-motion workout routines |
Head Accidents | Correct use of the masks, sustaining focus throughout observe | Headache, dizziness, nausea, lack of consciousness | Search quick medical consideration. |
Again Accidents | Sustaining appropriate posture, avoiding extreme pressure, correct warm-up | Ache, stiffness, restricted vary of movement within the again | Relaxation, ice software, ache reduction remedy (as directed by a physician) |
Cuts and Abrasions | Sharp edge upkeep, applicable protecting gear, cautious observe | Open wounds, bleeding | Cease the bleeding, apply strain, clear the wound, cowl with a bandage |